Unpaid minimum wage or overtime (Lab. Code 1194): 3 years
36 months after date the wages were due (each payday is a separate accrual), under Cal. Code Civ. Proc. 338(a); Cal. Lab. Code 1194(a).
Rule text
CCP 338: Within three years: (a) An action upon a liability created by statute, other than a penalty or forfeiture. Lab. Code 1194(a): Notwithstanding any agreement to work for a lesser wage, any employee receiving less than the legal minimum wage or the legal overtime compensation applicable to the employee is entitled to recover in a civil action the unpaid balance of the full amount of this minimum wage or overtime compensation, including interest thereon, reasonable attorney’s fees, and costs of suit.
Cal. Code Civ. Proc. 338(a); Cal. Lab. Code 1194(a), official source
Calculate this deadline
- Trigger (Date the wages were due (each payday is a separate accrual)): Friday, November 6, 2026.
- Add 36 months: Tuesday, November 6, 2029.
Cal. Code Civ. Proc. 338(a); Cal. Lab. Code 1194(a)
CCP 338: Within three years: (a) An action upon a liability created by statute, other than a penalty or forfeiture. Lab. Code 1194(a): Notwithstanding any agreement to work for a lesser wage, any employee receiving less than the legal minimum wage or the legal overtime compensation applicable to the employee is entitled to recover in a civil action the unpaid balance of the full amount of this minimum wage or overtime compensation, including interest thereon, reasonable attorney’s fees, and costs of suit.Official source
Cal. Code Civ. Proc. 12, 12a, 12b, 350
CCP 12: "The time in which any act provided by law is to be done is computed by excluding the first day, and including the last, unless the last day is a holiday, and then it is also excluded." CCP 12a(a): "If the last day for the performance of any act provided or required by law to be performed within a specified period of time is a holiday, then that period is hereby extended to and including the next day that is not a holiday. For purposes of this section, “holiday” means all day on Saturdays, all holidays specified in Section 135 and, to the extent provided in Section 12b, all days that by terms of Section 12b are required to be considered as holidays." CCP 350: "An action is commenced, within the meaning of this Title, when the complaint is filed."Official source
- Unpaid minimum wage and overtime under Lab. Code 1194 are a liability created by statute, so the 3-year CCP 338(a) period applies; contract-based wage claims may instead carry 4 years (337, written) or 2 years (339, oral). Each pay period is a separate accrual (continuous accrual). Lab. Code 226 wage-statement penalties are governed by the 1-year 340(a) period (case law; verify). PAGA: paga_penalty_limitations_1yr (CA-PRESUIT). A Labor Commissioner (Berman) claim has its own procedure; not modeled. NOT APPLIED BY THE ENGINE: (1) accrual: the engine counts from the date you enter; the common-law discovery rule and delayed-accrual doctrines (Fox v. Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Inc. (2005) 35 Cal.4th 797; Norgart v. Upjohn Co. (1999) 21 Cal.4th 383), continuing-violation and continuous-accrual doctrines can move the start date, so enter the correct accrual date. (2) tolling: minority or lack of legal capacity (CCP 352), defendant's absence from California (CCP 351, limited by commerce-clause case law), imprisonment (CCP 352.1, max 2 years), equitable tolling, written waivers/tolling agreements (CCP 360.5), acknowledgment or part payment (CCP 360), bankruptcy (11 U.S.C. 108(c)), and Judicial Council Emergency Rule 9 (2020 Covid-19 tolling of civil limitations periods) are NOT applied. An action is commenced when the complaint is filed (CCP 350). Last day on a Saturday, Sunday or judicial holiday rolls to the next court day (CCP 12a; CCP 366.2(b)(1) confirms 12 and 12a apply to limitations periods).
- If the clerk's office is closed or inaccessible on the last day (weather, emergency or local closure orders), the deadline may be extended. Check local orders.
This calculator applies the cited rules to the dates you enter. It is not legal advice. Court orders, local rules, and case-specific facts can change a deadline; verify before relying on it. Rule set pending attorney review.
Worked example
Date the wages were due (each payday is a separate accrual) on Monday, March 15, 2027, personal service: due Friday, March 15, 2030.
- Trigger (Date the wages were due (each payday is a separate accrual)): Monday, March 15, 2027.
- Add 36 months: Friday, March 15, 2030.
Notes
Unpaid minimum wage and overtime under Lab. Code 1194 are a liability created by statute, so the 3-year CCP 338(a) period applies; contract-based wage claims may instead carry 4 years (337, written) or 2 years (339, oral). Each pay period is a separate accrual (continuous accrual). Lab. Code 226 wage-statement penalties are governed by the 1-year 340(a) period (case law; verify). PAGA: paga_penalty_limitations_1yr (CA-PRESUIT). A Labor Commissioner (Berman) claim has its own procedure; not modeled. NOT APPLIED BY THE ENGINE: (1) accrual: the engine counts from the date you enter; the common-law discovery rule and delayed-accrual doctrines (Fox v. Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Inc. (2005) 35 Cal.4th 797; Norgart v. Upjohn Co. (1999) 21 Cal.4th 383), continuing-violation and continuous-accrual doctrines can move the start date, so enter the correct accrual date. (2) tolling: minority or lack of legal capacity (CCP 352), defendant's absence from California (CCP 351, limited by commerce-clause case law), imprisonment (CCP 352.1, max 2 years), equitable tolling, written waivers/tolling agreements (CCP 360.5), acknowledgment or part payment (CCP 360), bankruptcy (11 U.S.C. 108(c)), and Judicial Council Emergency Rule 9 (2020 Covid-19 tolling of civil limitations periods) are NOT applied. An action is commenced when the complaint is filed (CCP 350). Last day on a Saturday, Sunday or judicial holiday rolls to the next court day (CCP 12a; CCP 366.2(b)(1) confirms 12 and 12a apply to limitations periods).
Related deadlines
Rules current as of 2026-10-27. Confirm against the official source and any local rule or court order before relying on a date. Rules changelog.